1754 - The First Printed Political Cartoon in the Americas

This print created by Benjamin Franklin, first appeared in the the Pennsylvania Gazette on May 9, 1754, and was originally intended for uniting colonies in the impending French and Indian War. It is often considered the first political cartoon in the Americas and was published throughout the colonies. It was easily used and reproduced in a wide array of circumstances allowing for effortless recognition. It is also unique in that the criticism isn't directed at others, but at the colonies themselves. This increased level of sophistication forever changed the satirical prints of time.   

 It came to be published in 'virtually every newspaper on the continent'; reasons for its widespread currency include its demagogic reference to an Indian threat as well as its basis in the popular superstition that a dead snake would come back to life if the pieces were placed next to each other. Franklin's snake is significant in the development of cartooning because it became an icon that could be displayed in differing variations throughout the existing visual media of the day-- like the "Don't Tread on Me" battle flag-- but would always be associated with the singular causes of colonial unity and the Revolutionary spirit. In the same way that Biblical stories are an element of shared culture, "Join or Die" became a symbol to which all Americans could respond" (Backer, 1996).

Join or Die Print, Benjamin Franklin - 1754, Journal of American Revolution

Compare to American RattleSnake Cartoon for the British Surrender (middle of page)

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